{"id":701,"date":"2023-12-06T19:40:11","date_gmt":"2023-12-06T19:40:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cellandcelldivision.com\/?p=701"},"modified":"2023-12-06T19:40:13","modified_gmt":"2023-12-06T19:40:13","slug":"page-152","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cellandcelldivision.com\/?p=701","title":{"rendered":"Page 152"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\">are obtained as a result of interspecies hydridization \u2014 <strong>allopolyploids.<\/strong><br>Haploid genome mutations are obtained from the diploid or polyploid forms.<br>In aneuploid mutations the changes can affect one or several<br>chromosomes by increasing or reducing their number. Depending on that<br>they are:<strong> trisomia \u2014<\/strong> increasing the genome by one chromosome (2n+1);<br><strong>tetrasomia \u2014<\/strong> increasing the genome by two chromosomes (2n+2);<br><strong>monosomia \u2014<\/strong> reducing the genome by one chromosome (2n-1);<br><strong>nullisomia \u2014<\/strong> reducing the genome by two chromosomes (2n-2), etc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"532\" height=\"364\" src=\"https:\/\/cellandcelldivision.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/image-4.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-704\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cellandcelldivision.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/image-4.png 532w, https:\/\/cellandcelldivision.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/image-4-300x205.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 532px) 100vw, 532px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-verse has-text-align-center\">Figure 2\u201376. Chematic representation of the different types of \r\nchromosome mutations (After Rukmansky et al., 1984). \r\nA \u2014 two normal chromosome pairs; B \u2014 deletion; C \u2014 duplication; D \u2014 \r\nheterozygous translocation; E \u2014 homozygous translocation; F \u2014 \r\nheterozygous inversion; G \u2014 homozygous inversion<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><strong>Classification according to phenotype.<\/strong> In accordance with this<br>classification, mutations are divided into <strong>morphological, physiological<\/strong><br>and <strong>biochemical. <\/strong>Morphological mutations are connected mainly with<br>changes in the shape and colour. Physiological mutations cause changes<br>in the physiological processes running in the cells. As to the biochemical<br>mutations there belong the qualitative and quantitative changes in the<br>synthesis of certain substances or group of compounds. The latter are well<br>studied on microorganisms in auxotrophic mutations characterizing by<br>specific requirements for certain compounds necessary for their growth and<br>development.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>are obtained as a result of interspecies hydridization \u2014 allopolyploids.Haploid genome mutations are obtained from the diploid or polyploid forms.In aneuploid mutations the changes can affect one or severalchromosomes by increasing or reducing their number. Depending on thatthey are: trisomia \u2014 increasing the genome by one chromosome (2n+1);tetrasomia \u2014 increasing the genome by two chromosomes [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-701","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-book"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cellandcelldivision.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/701","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cellandcelldivision.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cellandcelldivision.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cellandcelldivision.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cellandcelldivision.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=701"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/cellandcelldivision.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/701\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":705,"href":"https:\/\/cellandcelldivision.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/701\/revisions\/705"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cellandcelldivision.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=701"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cellandcelldivision.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=701"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cellandcelldivision.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=701"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}